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Chapter 1

New World Beginnings

Planetary perspectives

    1. Six thousand years ago recorded history came in to being.
    2. Five hundred years ago the Europeans discovered America.

The shaping of North America

    1. 225 million years ago one single super continent contained all the worlds’ dry land.

The first discovery of America

    1. The great Ice age is accounted for the origins of the continents population
      1. There was a land bridge that connected Eurasia and Alaska
      2. The people that crossed were people that were following game and they are the ancestors of the native Americans.
    1. About 10,000 years ago the ice age ended and the passage was inundated.
      1. By 1492 perhaps about 72 million people inhabited the Americas.
      1. There were countless tribes and about 2000 different languages. (Incas, Mayans, Aztecs) They all had great technologies.
      2. There were perhaps 21 million people in Mexico alone.
      3. without the sophisticated technologies or even the wheel, The Empires were able to build elaborate cities. There were talented mathematicians; they also made accurate astronomical observations. The Aztecs also made sacrifices for their gods. When they celebrated the crowning of a new emperor the would sacrifice up to 5,000 people.

The earliest Americans

    1. Agriculture accounted for the size of the population in the Americas. They specially grew maize.
    2. The growing of corn was what changed the way that people lived. They went from hunters and gatherers to settled groups of people.
    3. Corn planting reached the present day Americans around 1200 B.C
      1. it molded the pueblo culture.
      2. Pueblo people in Rio Grande developed intricate irrigation system
    1. the Mississippian settlement at Cahokia was home to about 40,000 people.
    1. but around the year 1300 they had fallen in to decline.
    1. the cultivation of maize, beans, and squash did not reached southeastern Atlantic board until about 1000 A.D. the
    2. a Some of the civilizations that benefited from this were the creek, Choctaw, and the Cherokee.

    3. The Iroquois inspired by a leader named Hiawhata, In the sixteen century he created what came to be the closest approximation to the great nations of Mexico and Peru. He created the Iroquois Confederation.

 

Indirect discovery of the new world

1 Christian crusaders must rank among the high America's indirect discoverers.                                                                     

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